Significance of building enclosure design
The building enclosure (also referred to as building envelope) separates the interior from the exterior of a building to provide climate control and overall building energy efficiency. The building enclosure includes the roof, doors, windows, siding and associated components such as insulation, air barriers and water barriers, as well as the below-grade elements of the foundations and under-slab drainage system.
In the simplest sense, the building enclosure protects occupants and contents from the elements to offer a comfortable working environment as well as manage the building’s energy use and ventilation. Building enclosure design impacts a variety of elements of the overall structure.
Long-term building integrity
The enclosure includes the building’s foundation, walls, roof and fenestrations. Those components play important roles in the structural integrity and thermal performance of a building. Certain climate conditions can drive the design of the building enclosure system.
Engineers and architects account for the location’s climate issues or other elemental conditions when choosing the materials for the skin of the building. It’s important to consider “all six sides of the box” when making these selections. Confirming compatibility and proper detailing helps achieve the owner’s requirements for thermal performance.
Impact on moisture levels
Whether in the form of bulk water or humidity, moisture can cause significant damage to a building. Prolonged exposure to moisture encourages mold growth and affects the strength of building materials, so the design of a building enclosure needs to consider efforts to reduce the building’s chances of water intrusion or excessive humidity. Components that help to manage moisture levels include waterproofing, drainage layers, flashings, sealants, diversion systems and barrier systems.
- Drainage systems collect water and allow it to flow away from the building. Examples include drainage boards, weep holes and sealants that direct water into appropriate paths away from the interior of the building.
- Diversion systems direct water away from the building. Examples include downspouts, flashing and gutters. During a rainstorm or as snow melts, the water travels through the gutters and downspouts to an area far from the building.
- Barrier systems keep water out by protecting the outer surface of the building. Examples include exterior walls and glass windows.
Ventilation and airflow
The building enclosure’s design affects the ventilation or airflow through the structure. Air can lead to condensation and moisture buildup if not adequately controlled. Methods for improving ventilation and managing a building’s airflow include installing moisture and air barriers, insulating the walls and sealing doors, windows and other openings.
Improving a building enclosure’s air control also reduces the amount of energy needed to heat and cool the building.
Significance of building enclosure design
The building enclosure (also referred to as building envelope) separates the interior from the exterior of a building to provide climate control and overall building energy efficiency. The building enclosure includes the roof, doors, windows, siding and associated components such as insulation, air barriers and water barriers, as well as the below-grade elements of the foundations and under-slab drainage system.
In the simplest sense, the building enclosure protects occupants and contents from the elements to offer a comfortable working environment as well as manage the building’s energy use and ventilation. Building enclosure design impacts a variety of elements of the overall structure.
Long-term building integrity
The enclosure includes the building’s foundation, walls, roof and fenestrations. Those components play important roles in the structural integrity and thermal performance of a building. Certain climate conditions can drive the design of the building enclosure system.
Engineers and architects account for the location’s climate issues or other elemental conditions when choosing the materials for the skin of the building. It’s important to consider “all six sides of the box” when making these selections. Confirming compatibility and proper detailing helps achieve the owner’s requirements for thermal performance.
Impact on moisture levels
Whether in the form of bulk water or humidity, moisture can cause significant damage to a building. Prolonged exposure to moisture encourages mold growth and affects the strength of building materials, so the design of a building enclosure needs to consider efforts to reduce the building’s chances of water intrusion or excessive humidity. Components that help to manage moisture levels include waterproofing, drainage layers, flashings, sealants, diversion systems and barrier systems.
- Drainage systems collect water and allow it to flow away from the building. Examples include drainage boards, weep holes and sealants that direct water into appropriate paths away from the interior of the building.
- Diversion systems direct water away from the building. Examples include downspouts, flashing and gutters. During a rainstorm or as snow melts, the water travels through the gutters and downspouts to an area far from the building.
- Barrier systems keep water out by protecting the outer surface of the building. Examples include exterior walls and glass windows.
Ventilation and airflow
The building enclosure’s design affects the ventilation or airflow through the structure. Air can lead to condensation and moisture buildup if not adequately controlled. Methods for improving ventilation and managing a building’s airflow include installing moisture and air barriers, insulating the walls and sealing doors, windows and other openings.
Improving a building enclosure’s air control also reduces the amount of energy needed to heat and cool the building.